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| 1886 Charleston earthquake ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
1886 Charleston earthquake
The 1886 Charleston earthquake occurred at about 9:50 pm on August 31 with an estimated moment magnitude of 7.0 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). The intraplate earthquake caused 60 deaths and between five and six million dollars in damage to 2,000 buildings in the Southeastern United States. It is one of the most powerful and damaging earthquakes to hit the East Coast of the United States. Very little to no historical earthquake activity occurred in the area prior to it, which is unusual for any seismic area.
==Earthquake==
The earthquake is estimated to have been 7.0 on the moment magnitude scale with a Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). Sandblows were common throughout the affected area due to liquefaction of the soil. Aftershocks continued to be felt for weeks after the event and minor earthquake activity that still continues in the area today may be a continuation of aftershocks. There were at least sixty fatalities.
It was felt as far away as Boston, Massachusetts to the north, Chicago, Illinois and Milwaukee, Wisconsin to the northwest, as far as New Orleans, Louisiana to the west, as far as Cuba to the south, and as far as Bermuda to the east. It was so severe that outside the immediate area, there was speculation that the Florida peninsula had broken away from North America.〔
It is a heavily studied example of an intraplate earthquake. It is believed to have occurred on faults formed during the break-up of Pangaea. Similar faults are found all along the east coast of North America. It is thought that such ancient faults remain active from forces exerted on them by present-day motions of the North American Plate. The exact mechanisms of intraplate earthquakes are a subject of much ongoing research.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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